Calorific value • Its calorific value is about 800-900 • Contain more co, less H2 and has a much lower calorific value than coke oven gas and other fuel. 12. Due to the low calorific value of coke oven gas, and most of it has not been purified or treated thoroughly, the gas contains coal tar, dust and other substances that are easy to block the pipeline. transfers of other coal gases should appear in the production line for gas works gas. coke oven gas) are not preheated before burning, mainly because. There is the possibility to blend this gas with other off gases and you should contact your local Clarke Energy office to discuss in more depth. following values were used: Product Calorific value (GJ/t) Product Calorific value (GJ/t) Patent Fuel 29.3 Other Kerosene 43.0 Coke Oven Coke 28.5 Gasoline Type Jet Fuel 43.0 Gas Coke 28.0 Kerosene Type Jet Fuel 43.0 Coal Tar 37.7 Naphtha 44.0 BKB/PB 20.0 Gas/Diesel oil 42.6 Natural Gas … Converter gas electrical efficiencies of up to 37% can be achieved, and coke gas efficiencies are even higher. MEDIUM. Natural gas: MJ/m 3: 37.3: Coke-oven gas: MJ/m 3: 19.5: Producer gas: MJ/m 3: 5.0: Wood: MJ/kg: 19.8: 1 / Moisture free Sources: (73) (78) (101) Table 2. ... CO gas has a calorific value ranging between 4000 to 4600 Kcal/N Cum. The solvent laden oven atmosphere from the area of high solvent release (i.e. The hot coke is then discharged. COG contains H 2 = 60%, CH 4 = 24%, CO = 6%, CO 2 = 2%, and N 2 = 6%, but only carbon in CH 4 is oxidized in the raceway to CO releasing heat. Per tonne of coke that is produced, approximately 470Nm3 of coke gas are produced. BNCJ Series coke oven gas burner has a wide power coverage and is suitable for boiler tonnage 1T/h to 40T/h. Coke oven gas: Obtained as a by-product from the manufacture of coke oven coke for the production of iron and steel. A. What is a calorific value of a fuels ? The hot water and exhaust gases from the engines are fed into boilers. View Answer. Question 11 : Fuel gases containing hydrocarbons (ie.g. 11. The gas has a heating value of about 20,000 kJ/m3. Steel production processes typically dispose large volumes of speciality gases. Calculate the calorific value of the fuel(in kJ/kg)? Blast Furnace Gas 10. 4200 C. 7500 D. 2000. Within the blow moulding process, the pig iron is refined with oxygen or air, lowering the carbon proportion and providing enough process heat to maintain the steel liquid. Correct answer: (C) Producer gas, Water gas, Natural gas Supplementary notes: Calorific values of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. a) 900 b) 4200 c) 7500 d) 2000 Flame temperature • The value of flame temperature is about 1450°C. IF YOU THINK THAT ABOVE POSTED MCQ IS WRONG. Crushed coal is charged from overhead bunkers into the ovens, which are sealed at each end by refractory-lined sheet doors and heated for about 24 hours. About 12%, by weight, of the coal is converted into gas. . Three different process stages – from coal to steel – provide three different gas types: coke gas, blast furnace gas and converter gas. Keywords: coke, calorific value, coke quality, blast-furnace coke, blast furnaces DOI: 10.3 103/S1 06836 4X19040057 The production of hot metal and coke play a criti- CLP: Coke oven gas (Fuel gas, coke-oven; Coke oven gas) EC: 266-015-1, CAS: 65996-81-8 CLP: Coke [Foundry Coke, Metallurgical - Coke (coal)] EC: 266-010-4, CAS: 65996-77-2 Mcq Added by: Muhammad Bilal Khattak. ----- Table 5 GUIDE VALUES FOR RECIRCUIATED COKE-OVEN GAS Components Carbon dioxide Heavy hydrocarbons Oxygen Carbon monoxide Hydrogen Methane Nitrogen Sulphurous Admixtures Total Heat Combustion heat : Calorific value Formula coe CnPrn I °2 CO H2 CHJ, N2 - Symbol Ho HU g-vol 0.3-0.8 0.6-0.8 0.8-1.3 1^-18 7-10 U8-56 19-2li none kcal/Nm^" 5,500-6,100 5,100-5,500 1.3 Guide Values for … The gas consists of about 65% carbon monoxide, 15% carbon dioxide, 15% nitrogen and small amounts of hydrogen and methane. Converter gas is created from pig iron during the steel production process. Quality     Integrity     Reliability     Accountability. Figure 4 shows the calorific value control strategy. The hot gases evolved from the coal pass through a gas space at the top of the oven and into a collecting main prior to quenching and treatment to remove dust, tar and oil, and gaseous impurities such as ammonia and hydrogen sulphide. These gases all tend to be somewhat variable in content and calorific value, as they are secondary fuels derived from process sources and as such are dependent on a range of plant-specific factors as well as upon the composition of the primary fuel or feedstock. Calorific value of coke oven gas is around _____ Kcal/Nm3? The main constituents are, by volume, about 50% hydrogen, 30% methane and 3% higher hydrocarbons, 7% carbon monoxide, 3% carbon dioxide and 7% nitrogen. 60% of this volume is typically needed for internal processes; the remaining part can be used for power generation with GE’s Jenbacher gas engines resulting in approximately 400kWh Per tonne of steel produced through the LD process approximately 50Nm3of converter gas are released which can burn in GE’s Jenbacher gas engines leading to approximately 50kWh electrical power. Calorific value of coke oven gas is around _____ Kcal/Nm3? The high hydrogen content of coke gas however, means the combustion process is very fast, which increases the danger of engine knocking or backfiring. Industry glossary containing detailed explanations of terms pertaining to our products and business in energy supply, trading and logistics Underscoring GE’s technical expertise, these units recently reached a combined total of more than 1 million operating hours. A known amount of the fuel is burned at constant pressure and under standard conditions (0°C and 1 bar) and the heat released is captured in a known mass of water in a calorimeter. Steel Production Gas for Power Production, Reduced energy costs, and greater predictability and stability, Efficient and economic combined heat and electricity supply, High electrical efficiency compared to other power generation technology (i.e. Answer : 3. Fuels and Combustion Fuels and Combustion. Coke gas is a by-product of industrial coke production from pit coal, coke gas is created by high-temperature dry distillation of coking coals in the absence of oxygen. In general, the stable composition of coke gas makes it advantageous as an engine fuel. About 30 GE’s Jenbacher gas engines now run on either coke gas or LD converter gas. With 60% of the worldwide raw steel production, the Linz-Donawitz (LD) process, classified as a blow moulding process, is the most common production method to generate raw steel. The quantity of fuel should be reported on a gross calorific value basis. Calculating thermal energy. Approximate heating values of wood and various wood residues. 900 B. The amount of energy consumed by a … Ethane Gas - Specific Heat - Specific heat of Ethane Gas - C 2 H 6 - for temperatures ranging 250 - 900 K Ethane Liquid - Thermal Properties - Density, specific heat and more of liquid ethane Fuels and Chemicals - Autoignition Temperatures - The autoignition point for some common fuels and chemicals butane, coke, hydrogen, petroleum and more coke oven gas) are not preheated before burning, mainly because _____. Himus, G. W. (1972) The Elements of Fuel Technology Leonard Hill London. On the other hand, the open hearth process extracts the oxygen of the added scrap and ore, requiring additional heat supply for the steel-making process. Fuel gases containing hydrocarbons (ie.g. Coal or coke oven gas typically had a calorific value between 10 and 20 megajoules per cubic metre (270 and 540 Btu/cu ft); with values around 20 MJ/m 3 (540 Btu/cu ft) being typical. steam or gas turbines), Best suited for an electrical output range of a few hundred kW up to 20-30MW, Alternative disposal of a problem gas while simultaneously harnessing it as an energy source, Environmental benefits by greenhouse gas reduction. In addition to the economic benefit, using these gases as engine fuel reduced industrial CO2 emissions and saves natural energy sources. Converter gas from the LD and electrical melting processes can be used in Jenbacher gas engines. It is easier to keep the ignition hood temperature constant if the calorific value of the fuel is controlled to within pre-defined limits, about 4,000 – 6,000 kJ/m3. ENERGY 1.22 Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Reference Manual TABLE 1-2 (CONTINUED) 1990 COUNTRY-SPECIFIC NET CALORIFIC VALUES FOR OECD COUNTRIES (Terajoule per kilotonne) Japan Luxem-bourg Nether-lands NZ Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzer-land Turkey UK USA OIL Crude Oil 42.62 - 42.71 43.12 42.96 42.71 42.66 42.75 42.96 42.79 42.83 42.71 High levels of power requirement and rising energy costs represent a major challenge for the steel industry. Typically, coke-oven gas is obtained from a battery comprising a number of narrow, vertical chambers, or ovens (0.5m wide, 5m high and 12m long) built of silica brick that are separated by heating ducts, such that heat is transmitted to the coal through both sides of the chamber walls. Coke-oven gas is a fuel gas having a medium calorific value that is produced during the manufacture of metallurgical coke by heating bituminous coal to temperatures of 900°C to 1000°C in a chamber from which air is excluded. HARD. The degree of conditioning of the coke, assessed in terms of the volatile matter and its actual density, has considerable influence on the gross calorific value. Calorific value of coke oven gas is around _____ Kcal/Nm³. Coke oven gas (CO gas) is a byproduct gas produced during the production of metallurgical coke in a byproduct coke oven battery, where metallurgical coal is carbonized by heating it in absence of air. Gas Making and Natural Gas BP Trading Ltd. View Answer. it reduces its calorific value … With a calorific value of 5kWh/Nm 3, coke gas constitutes a high-value fuel for effective power generation with Jenbacher gas engines. The heating capacity is necessary to measure for control of syngas combustion in power station. By custom the basic calorific value for solid and liquid fuels is the gross calorific value at constant volume and for gaseous fuels it is the gross calorific value … The gas has a very low heating value of around 0.9kWh/Nm3, which on its own is typically not high enough for combustion in a gas engine. By mixing coke oven gas with blast furnace gas, this calorific value is achieved. Fig 1 Flow diagram for treatment of raw coke oven gas. The effects of recovery of by-products from the coke oven gas are (i) reduction in the volume of coke oven gas, (ii) reduction in the calorific value of the gas, (iii) effect on flame temperature and flame volume, and (iv) alteration in density and composition of the gas. Blast furnace gas: At present, the CV of gas is measured at over 110 different locations in the UK mainland. With a calorific value of 5kWh/Nm3, coke gas constitutes a high-value fuel for effective power generation with Jenbacher gas engines. The advent of electric lighting forced utilities to search for other markets for manufactured gas. Substantial research has been completed on this application. Its consumption directly reflects the assessment of energy consumption of each unit The completion of indicators. Calorific value Factor to convert an energy commodity of the physical unit into the unit of energy joule. To avoid this risk,Jenbacher has created an engine control system that is able to fuel the engine with a very lean mixture and, at the same time, react very quickly to variations in the engine load. The gas mainly consists of hydrogen (50-60%), methane (15-50%) and a small percentage of carbon monoxide, carbon and nitrogen. It is greatest for the <25 mm size class: 33.0 MJ/kg or more. Coke oven gas has high calorific value and is widely used in the heating process of steelmaking, steel rolling, power generation and other production. Electricity generated by the Jenbacher engines can either be used on-site or sold to the public grid. Additionally, Jenbacher offers a safety technology package that allows firm handling of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide. Blast furnace gas is a by-product of blast furnaces where iron ore is reduced with coke into metallic (pig) iron. Exception: for gases (gas works gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, other recovered gases) the measurement is directly in energy content and the unit to be used is therefore TJ (based on gross calorific values). 1.1.4.2.5 Coke Oven Gas. The resulting steam can be used within the steel production processes. Abstract—The gross calorific value of wet-quenched blast-furnace coke fluctuates significantly as a function of the piece size. EP2719777A1 EP12306258.0A EP12306258A EP2719777A1 EP 2719777 A1 EP2719777 A1 EP 2719777A1 EP 12306258 A EP12306258 A EP 12306258A EP 2719777 A1 EP2719777 A1 EP 2719777A1 Authority EP European Patent Office Prior art keywords oxygen blast furnace air blast coke oven Prior art date 2012-10-12 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Gases created as a ‘free’ by-product during steel production processes serve as an attractive energy source option for efficient power generation. Coke oven gas and blast furnace gas are only generated and used within coke ovens and COG is a strong fuel but it is less useful compared to other injected fuels in the lower part of the blast furnace. the hydrocarbons crack thereby choking and fouling the heat transfer surface by carbon soot. Coke-oven gas is a fuel gas having a medium calorific value that is produced during the manufacture of metallurgical coke by heating bituminous coal to temperatures of 900°C to 1000°C in a chamber from which air is excluded. calorific value of the coke oven gas is lower. Coke gas is a by-product of industrial coke production from coal created by high-temperature pyrolytic distillation of coking coal.The gas mainly consists of hydrogen (50-60%), methane (15-50%), a small percentage of carbon monoxide, carbon and nitrogen. All rights reserved. The calorific value of natural gas is measured at reception terminals and other locations on our pipeline system. The ovens are slightly tapered so that one end is wider than the other to facilitate the horizontal discharge of the coke. Only coke oven gas, which has half the calorific value of NG as about 4.75 kWh/m 3, can be directly ignited at a normal temperature , , while the other non-standard fuel gases, e.g., blast furnace gas with one-tenth the calorific value of NG as about 0.95 kWh/m 3, need to be burnt at a high ambient temperature due to low calorific value , , . BNCJ Series of coke oven gas burners for coke oven gas low calorific value, low gas pressure and high impurity content and design of the special burner, both retained the one-piece automatic burner combustion stability is good, high safety performance, but also has the coke oven gas resources can be fully and safely use of the characteristics of good product is the use of coke oven gas. The gas mainly consists of hydrogen (50-60%), methane (15-50%) and a small percentage of carbon monoxide, carbon and nitrogen. If you have any technical questions that need answering, would like to arrange to speak to a sales advisor or book a feasibility study. Of course, this gas has different calorific value in comparing with technical gasses (natural gas, coke-oven gas, blast furnace gas ...). Coke Gas. Jenbacher has developed the specific gas engine combustion system that allows burning the gas efficiently and reliably. One of the most common open hearth processes is the electrical melting process. Energy content or calorific value is the same as the heat of combustion, and can be calculated from thermodynamical values, or measured in a suitable apparatus:. Steel-making technology can be categorised into two different processes: blow moulding or open hearth. Varying compositions, as well as calorific values and the combustion behaviour Jenbacher gas engines that make efficient use of these gases for combined generation of heat and electricity. Converter gas, with its high carbon monoxide content, has low combustion speed and is very harmful. 2020 © Clarke Energy. With a calorific value of 5 kWh/Nm 3, coke gas constitutes a high-value fuel for effective power generation with Jenbacher gas engines. In addition, by utilising these ‘free’ waste gases compared to using natural gas for power generation, the GE’s Jenbacher technology-equipped sites have achieved CO2 savings of about 2 million tonnes since commissioning. Syngas belongs to the low calorific gasses. Jenbacher installed its first commercial gas engine applications for coke gas in 1995 and for LD converter gas in 2004. • Lower as compare to other fuel gases. Raw coke oven gas coming from the coke oven battery has the following typical composition: Dry basis Actual composition (water saturated at 176°F) ... actually be left in the coke oven gas, where it increases the calorific value. Both gases can be used to create hot water, steam and electricity.