Gallic acid acts as an antioxidant and helps to protect human cells against oxidative damage. pH of Organic Acids and Salts. : 24.85 °C Conclusions: pKa of 4.51 at 24.85°C is reported in water solubility determination of gallic acid. Interestingly, treatment with its parent compound, gallic acid (GA) at 30, 60 or 90 µM did not affect the formation of lipid droplets in the preadipocytes when co-incubated with induction medium. The lipid-reducing effect of KMU-3, but not GA, was also observed by light microscopic measurement ( Fig. The field of application of natural polyphenols is quite wide: they are mainly used as antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antioxidant agents. To delineate the inhibition of MITF by GA, the activation of extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase (ERK) and AKT was investigated. Compound Type Concentration; Gallic acid: Solute: 100mM: D2O: Solvent: 100%: sodium phosphate: Buffer: 50mM: sodium azide: Cytocide: 500uM: DSS: Reference: 500uM PhytoHub ID PHUB000303 Name Gallic acid Synonyms. The antiproliferative properties of ellagic acid may be due to its ability to directly inhibit the DNA binding of certain carcinogens, including nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Ascorbic acid also functions as a powerful antioxidant, particularly in regards to reactive oxygen species. Gallic acid. The solubility of gallic acid in methanol, ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate was measured at a temperature range of (298.2 to 333.2) K. The gallic acid solubility in different solvents increases smoothly with temperature. Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid with the formula C 6 H 2 3 CO 2 H. It is classified as a phenolic acid.It is found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. According to previous studies, GA has many biological properties, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. As the acid dissociation constant (pKa) of -COOH in gallic acid is around 4.5, the electrostatic repulsion induced by deprotonation of -COOH can effectively prevent the aggregation of the Fe(III)-gallic-acid complex. Gallic acid (GA) is involved in many biochemical processes and reactions and is of great importance in environment thanks to its antioxidant and pro‐oxidant properties. We present in this paper a comprehensive study of GA deprotonation by means of Raman spectroscopy. Effects of Gallic Acid on Melanin Synthesis and Tyrosinase Activity in B16F10 Cells The cytotoxic effect of gallic acid was examined in mouse melanocyte cells, B16F10. Chemical and reagents All chemical reagents were of analytical grade, purchased from Merck (Germany). 149-91-7 - LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Gallic acid [NF] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. Phenols and cresols are much weaker as acids than common carboxylic acids (phenol has pKa = 9.88). A … L'acido gallico o acido triidrossibenzoico è un acido organico contenuto in molti prodotti di origine vegetale. It is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry. Plants produce ellagic acid from hydrolysis of tannins such as ellagitannin and geraniin.Ellagic acid has antiproliferative and antioxidant properties in a number of in vitro and small-animal models. To remove silicic acid from aqueous solutions, a novel gallic acid-type resin (GA-type resin) was prepared by a grafting method. The GA-type resin adsorbs monosilicic acid, silicate ions, and polymeric silicic acid. COOH) in gallic acid. Identification. Best Answer 100% (12 ratings) Previous question Next question Get more help from Chegg. Gallic acid is an antioxidant which can inhibit both COX-2. 2.1. They belong to the family of easily hydrolyzable natural polyphenolic compounds. For a better understanding of the preservation of organic matter in clay minerals, the adsorption of a model humic substance, the Gallic Acid (GA), onto a Na-montmorillonite (Na–Mt) was performed in batch situation for various experimental conditions (pH = 2, 5, 7) in order to mimic the natural context. Gallic acid is a trihydroxybenzoic acid found in many plants as either the free acid or in the esterified form of gallotannins and ellagitannins. Salts and esters of gallic acid are termed "gallates". ... (MITF) expression by down‐regulating the cAMP‐mediated PKA/CREB signaling cascades. The effects of the adsorption capacity, pH and presence of NaCl, NaNO 3, Na 2 SO 4, and NaCO 3 salts on the silicic acid removal were studied. The pH of 0.050 gallic acid (figure), an acid found in tea leaves, is 2.86. a; Calculate Ka for gallic acid. CAS # 50-81-7 : Density : 1.65 (NTP, 1992) EC Number : 200-066-2 : … Dissociating properties: not determined pKa: 4.51 Temp. Gallic acid is used as a remote astringent in cases of internal haemorrhage. b; Calculate pKa for gallic acid. Gallic acid (≥98% purity; CAS No. organic acids – sorted by formula Phenols, such as GALLIC ACID, do not behave as organic alcohols, as one might guess from the presence of a hydroxyl (-OH) group in their structure. Gallic acid is an antioxidant which can inhibit both COX-2.After 18 h treatment with Gallic acid, the number of viable neutrophils is dramatically decreased from 40.3% to 27.7%, highly comparable with 26.4% for untreated neutrophils. Gallic acid (GA) is a naturally occurring polyphenol compound present in fruits, vegetables, and herbal medicines. The relative solubility of gallic acid in the solvents was found as: wmethanol > wethanol > wwater > wethyl acetate. Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic compound, which has been reported to suppress melanogenesis in melanoma cells. A stock standard solution of gallic acid (1 × 10-3 M) was prepared by dissolving 0.0189 g of gallic acid in 100 ml volumetric flask. Chemical structure of gallic acid 2. This table lists the acid-base dissociation constants of over 600 organic compounds, including many amino acids. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this inhibitory effect was poorly understood. When the pH is lower than or 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic acid is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Gallic acid seems to have anti-fungal and anti-viral properties. Gallic acid. Gallic acid: Description: Gallic acid is an organic acid, also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. What is the base-dissociation constant, Kb, for the gallate ion? Digallic acid is also present in the molecule of tannic acid. External Links. Executive summary: pKa of 4.51 at 24.85°C is reported in water solubility determination of gallic acid. Digalloyl esters involve either -meta or -para depside bonds. GA and its derivatives have multiple industrial uses, such as food supplements or additives. Gallic acid (3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA) and its derivatives are biologically active. Gallic acid induces the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and the downregulation of Bcl-2 in PC12 cells. Based on given acidity constants (pK a values) the pH of organic acids for 1, 10, and 100 mmol/L are calculated.The results are listed in the following tables (valid for standard conditions 25°C, 1 atm):. Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic compound, which has been reported to suppress melanogenesis in melanoma cells. Gallic acid has two pKa values, first is 4.1 for the carboxylic group and second is 8.38 for the hydroxyl group [15], and that is why the stabilization of CoNM at higher pH value could come through the complex formation between oxygen of hydroxyl group and the CoNM. It is a white solid, although samples are typically brown owing to partial oxidation. 1.0 2010-04-08 22:04:29 UTC 2020-02-24 19:11:07 UTC FDB000229 Gallic acid 3-O-gallate Digallic acid is a polyphenolic compound found in Pistacia lentiscus. All data apply to dilute aqueous solutions and are presented in the form of pK a , which is the negative of the logarithm of the acid dissociation constant K a . EXPERIMENTAL 2.1. The acid-dissociation constant, Ka, for gallic acid is 4.57 . In this article, we revealed that GA down-regulated … 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid; CAS Number 149-91-7 Average Mass 170.12 Monoisotopic Mass ... pKa (strongest basic)-6.048647901640675 pKa (strongest acidic) 3.9415641190048674. IUPAC name[hide] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid Other names[hide] Gallic acid Gallate 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate CAS number PubChem ChemSpider UNII KEGG ChEBI ChEMBL Jmol-3D images. Gallic acid significantly inhibited both melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and decreased the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins, such as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP1), and dopachrome tautomerase (Dct). Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives are compounds containing a hydroxybenzoic acid (or a derivative), which is a benzene ring bearing a carboxyl and a hydroxyl groups. Ascorbic acid functions as an enzymatic cofactor for multiple enzymes, serving as an electron donor for monooxygenases and dioxygenases. All solutions were prepared with de-ionized water. The acid-dissociation constant, Ka, for gallic acid is 4.57 × 10-3. The major objective of this work was to develop a green and facile process to prepare gallic acid-chitosan conjugate and comprehensively evaluate the physicochemical properties and biological activities of an as-prepared water-soluble chitosan derivative. Phenolic compounds (delphinidin and gallic acid), at concentrations that encompassed the physiologically relevant range (10 nM–100 μM), were prepared in tissue culture medium prior to addition of Tempone-H (10 mM stock, dissolved in ultrapure water) to generate a final concentration of 2 mM. Gallic acid is found both free and as part of tannins. In vivo: Gallic acid effectively protects rat erythrocytes. Showing entry for Gallic acid. After treatment with gallic acid at various concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 400 µM) for 24 h, … 3A and B , lower panels). Gallic acid was found to show cytotoxicity against cancer cells, without harming healthy cells. 149-91-7) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Instead, they react as weak organic acids. The chemical formula is C6H2(OH)3CO2H. Gallic acid leads to a progressive reduction in the viability of vector-transfected PC12 cells, which is delayed in PC12 cells that overexpressed Bcl-2. tannic acid: ChEBI ID CHEBI:75211: Definition A gallotannin obtained by acylation of the five hydroxy groups of D-glucose by 3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]benzoic acid (a gallic acid … Identifiers 149-91-7 , [5995-86-8] (Monohydrate) 370 361 632XD903SP C01424 CHEBI:30778 CHEMBL288114 Image 1 SMILES [show] InChI [show] Molecular formula Molar mass Appearance … Question Get more help from Chegg the gallate ion was also observed by light microscopic measurement ( Fig trihydroxybenzoic., vegetables, and antioxidant agents acid was found to show cytotoxicity against cells. Conclusions: pKa of 4.51 at 24.85°C is reported in water solubility determination of gallic (... The gallate ion is used as a remote astringent in cases of haemorrhage. 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